Question

Which of the following chemical bonds is present between $H$ and $Cl$ in $HCl?$
A. Ionic bond
B. Co-ordinate covalent bond
C. Non- covalent bond
D. Polar covalent bond

Answer 1

As per question, we must understand the nature, type and characteristic of different types of bonds mentioned above in the option. First we consider the formation of It is a simple diatomic molecule consisting of a hydrogen atom and a chlorine atom connected with a covalent single bond.

Complete step by step solution:
Now , we understand the concepts of above mentioned bond, then find the solution
$1.$ Ionic bond- A chemical bond is formed between two atoms by the complete transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to the other as a result of which the atoms attain their nearest inert gas configuration. These bonds formed ions.
$2.$ Coordinate covalent bonds – are formed when two atoms share their valence electrons to satisfy their octet states. There is no net charge transfer taking place, hence net charge is zero.
$3.$ Non-covalent bond – these bonds do not involve sharing of electrons, but instead involve more dispersed variations of electromagnetic integrations between molecules or within a molecule.
$4.$ Polar covalent bonds – are partially ionic in nature. In which a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms and the electrons are not equally shared. It shows a high difference in the electro- negativity of constituent atoms.
The bond between hydrogen and chlorine in $HCl$ is a polar covalent bond. It is formed by sharing an electron pair between the two atoms. Since chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen, it pulls the shared electron pair more strongly towards itself, thus acquiring a partial negative charge while hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge. Thus, the bond is polar in nature.

**So the option (D) is correct

Note: **
Electronegativity plays a major role in determining the different types of covalent bonding and Polar covalent bonds are usually formed between two nonmetal atoms having different electronegativities.