Question

Which of the following acts as a genetic material of Human immuno virus?
(a) ssDNA
(b) ssRNA
(c) dsRNA
(d) dsDNA

Answer 1

HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus abbreviation, the shape of the virus is oval. The virus is made up of a capsid nucleus that comprises the genetic material surrounded by a protein envelope. The protein envelope involves many glycoprotein spikes.

Complete answer:
HIV is a retrovirus, which means it involves single-stranded RNA as its genetic material rather than the double-stranded DNA human cells carry. Retroviruses even have the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which allows them to copy RNA into DNA and use that DNA "copy" to infect human, or host, cells. When HIV infects a cell, it primarily joins and fuses with the host cell. Then the viral RNA is changed into DNA and the virus utilizes the host cell’s machinery to replicate itself during a process known as reverse transcription. The new copies of HIV then leave the host cell and advance to infect other cells.

Additional information:
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). AIDS is a condition in humans during which progressive failure of the system allows life-threatening infections and cancers to thrive. HIV consists of two copies of positive-sense single-stranded RNA surrounded by a conical capsid. The single-stranded RNA is tightly bound to nucleocapsid proteins, p7, and enzymes needed for the event of the virion like polymerase, proteases, ribonuclease, and integrase.

So, the correct answer is 'ssRNA'.

Note:
HIV attacks the immune system of a person. It destroys the T-cells which are responsible for fighting against infections. Thus the system of an individual becomes weaker and weaker. It can be transmitted through needles, body fluids, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. It cannot be cured through medications and treatment. AIDS is the last stage of HIV infection as an individual doesn't survive.