Question: Which main products obtained by microbial fermentation as ethanol?...

Question

Which main products obtained by microbial fermentation as ethanol?

Answer 1

Solution

Fermentation occurs in anaerobic conditions. It is of two types and they are named based on the end products formed after fermentation.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Alcoholic Fermentation occurs during the anaerobic condition, starts first by the formation of pyruvic acid from glucose and then the pyruvic acid formed is converted to alcohol or ethanol in two steps:
- $2{ CH }_{ 3 }COCOOH\quad \underrightarrow { decaeboxylase,TPP } \quad 2{ CH }_{ 3 }CHO+2C{ O }_{ 2 }$
- $2{ CH }_{ 3 }CHO+{ 2H }^{ + }+2NADH\quad \underrightarrow { dehydrogenase } \quad 2{ C }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 5 }OH+2NA{ D }^{ + }$
Alcoholic fermentation is observed in bacteria, fungi, and higher plants.
The main products obtained are ethanol and carbon dioxide

Additional Information:
-Many other types of fermentation are also seen:
Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid by bacteria like Lactobacillus lactis.
Acetic Acid Fermentation: Acetobacter aceti form acetic acid from alcohol.
Butyric Acid Fermentation: Clostridium butyricum forms butyric acid from glucose or lactic acid.

-Few examples of substances produced from different types of fermentation are:
-Microbes like yeast or Saccharomyces cerevisiae are used in the production of beverages like wine, beer, and rum by fermenting fruits, vegetables.
-Toddy is a traditional beverage of southern India made by fermentation of sap from palms.
-Kombucha is a beverage made by fermentation of tea.
-Sake is a Japanese drink made by fermentation of rice.
-Soy sauce is produced by fermentation of soybean curd.
-Cocoa is also produced by fermenting cacao beans.
-Cucumber is fermented to form pickles.

Note:
It should be remembered that no matter what type of fermentation, it will only happen in anaerobic conditions. Besides microbes, other cells are also capable of performing fermentation. During overexercise, the muscle tissue of our body undergoes lactic acid fermentation to obtain energy quickly.