Question

Which is wrong?
A. Presence of albumin in urine is albuminuria
B. Presence of glucose in urine is glycosuria
C. Presence of ketose sugar in urine is ketonuria
D. Presence of excess urea in blood is uremia
E. Presence of haemoglobin in nature is haemoglobinuria

Answer 1

The excretory system is responsible for the removal of waste from an organism's body. The nitrogenous waste is eliminated from the body by organs such as the liver, kidneys, skin, and sweat glands. Any problem with the excretory system causes a build-up of nitrogenous waste in the body, which can lead to sickness. Disorders of the excretory system are uremia, renal failure, renal calculi, nephritis, diabetes insipidus, etc.

Complete explanation:
Option A: Albuminuria is a symptom of renal illness in which there is an excess of albumin in the urine. The protein albumin is found in the blood. Albumin from the blood is not allowed to flow into the urine by a healthy kidney. Albumin is excreted in the urine by a damaged kidney.
So, option A is incorrect.
Option B: The excretion of glucose in the urine is known as glycosuria. Because the kidneys are able to reabsorb all of the filtered glucose from the tubular fluid back into the bloodstream, urine normally contains no glucose. Glycosuria is almost always caused by high blood glucose levels, which are most commonly caused by uncontrolled diabetes.
So, option B is incorrect.
Option C: The presence of a large amount of ketone bodies in urine is known as ketonuria. Diabetes, hunger, fasting, or glycogen storage disease can all cause it. Ketone bodies (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate) are water-soluble molecules with a keto group, but they are not carbohydrates like ketones (fructose).
So, option C is correct.
Option D: Uremia is a condition that happens when your kidneys are injured. Toxins, or body waste, that your kidneys would typically excrete in urine end up in your circulation. Creatinine and urea are two of these poisons. Uremia is a dangerous illness that, if left untreated, can be fatal.
So, option D is not correct.
Option E: Excess haemoglobin in the urine is known as haemoglobinuria. Red blood cells (RBCs) contain haemoglobin, a chemical that aids in the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Red blood cells have a lifespan of roughly $120$ days before breaking down into components that can be used to make new red blood cells.
So, option E is not correct.

Therefore, Option C) is the correct answer.

Note:
Ketonuria is a condition in which the amount of ketone in your urine is abnormally high. Ketoaciduria and acetonuria are two terms for the same disorder. Ketones, also known as ketone bodies, are a form of acid. When fats and proteins are burned for energy, ketones are produced. This is a common occurrence. However, some health issues and other factors can cause it to go into overdrive. Some causes of ketonuria are low insulin levels, ketogenic diet, pregnancy, starvation, and drinking excess alcohol.