Question

Which is true of fungi?
A. They are heterotrophs.
B. They lack nuclear membranes.
C. They are mostly unicellular.
D. They lack rigid cell walls.

Answer 1

Fungi are a diverse group of unicellular as well as multicellular organisms. These are found growing over dead and decaying matter. Some fungi are parasitic and cause diseases. Fungi cannot make their food on their own like plants and thus they are dependent on another organism for their nutrition.

Complete answer:
Fungi kingdom involves a diverse range of unicellular and multicellular species ranging from yeasts to mushrooms. Fungi are evident in almost all environmental conditions. These are usually found over dead and decaying matter. The bark of dying trees, logs, humus, animal organic waste, etc. are habitats for fungus to grow. Fungi feed on the dead matter and sometimes they act as parasites. They show two prominent modes of nutrition namely saprophytic and parasitic. If they feed on dead and decaying organic waste then they are saprophytic. On the other hand, if fungi enter the host and depend on its nutrition it has a parasitic mode of nutrition. Both of these modes are types of heterotrophic nutrition.
Heterotrophic organisms are those that cannot make their food on their own. They need to be dependent on another organism for their food. Fungi cannot perform photosynthesis due to a lack of chlorophyll. Instead, they take up the nutrients from decaying matter by absorption. So, fungi are heterotrophic organisms.
All of the fungi cells have a nuclear membrane covered with a rigid cell wall made of chitin. Most of the fungi are unicellular like yeast, Alternaria, Penicillium , etc. Spores of fungi can be found everywhere from air to water. So, from the above discussion, we can conclude that all statements are false except statement A.
So, option A is the right answer.

Note: The mat-like fluffy appearance observed sometimes over moist bread is a type of fungal colonization. Fungi needs moist and warm conditions to proliferate and thus can also be found on dripping roofs or moist walls. Also, fungi are the key decomposers of Earth and without them, the Earth will turn into heaps of forest waste.