Question

Which is soluble RNA among the following?
A.hnRNA
B.rRNA
C.mRNA
D.tRNA

Answer 1

Ribonucleic acid is an essential polymeric molecule that is required in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. Different types of RNA exist which play different roles.

Complete answer:
Ribonucleic acid or RNA is a nucleic acid which is a complex molecule that is responsible for the synthesis of proteins. RNA is formed from the double stranded DNA molecule during the process of transcription. They differ from DNA in that they have a ribose sugar. Additionally, they have the presence of uracil nitrogen base in place of thymine. RNA is single stranded and is formed in the nucleus of the cell. Well elucidated structures of mRNA, tRNA and rRNA are known. Other forms or RNA called hnRNA is also known. Let us analyze the options to find out the correct answer.

Option A: hnRNA is the heterogenous nuclear RNA which is the large pre-mRNAs of various nucleotide sequences and are made by RNA polymerase II. They are processed in the nucleus of the cell to form cytoplasmic mRNA. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option B: rRNA is ribosomal RNA which carries out protein synthesis or translation in the ribosomes, it is transcribed from the rDNA and binds to ribosomal proteins to form large and small subunits of the ribosome. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option C: mRNA is called messenger RNA which is a single stranded RNA complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. It moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the cell where translation takes place. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option D: tRNA which is also called soluble RNA is an adaptor molecule composed of clover leaf like structure of RNA and is 70-90 nucleotides in length. It is a link between mRNA and amino acid sequence of proteins. Therefore, this is the correct option.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D)

Note: Other types of RNA also occur which includes circular RNA which play an important role in regulating transcription and alternate splicing of the genes. In this the 5’ and 3’ ends are joined to each other.