Question

Which is not a key step in the process of translation?
A. The sequence of nucleotides on the tRNA is read in triplets called codons.
B. Termination of translation occurs when a stop codon is reached.
C. Amino acids link together with peptide bonds to form a growing chain.
D. tRNA enters the A, P, and E sites on the ribosomes to drop off a specific amino acid and then leave.

Answer 1

Translation is the process of synthesis of proteins from a mRNA template. It is also known as protein synthesis. The mRNA is decoded to build a protein that contains a specific series of amino acids.

Complete step by step answer: In the process of translation or protein synthesis, and mRNA is decoded and its information is used to build up a polypeptide chain or simply a chain of amino acids.
The instructions for building a polypeptide chain come in groups of three nucleotides called codons that are present on the mRNA. There are 61 different codons that code for amino acids. There are three codons that act like a stop codon and the codon AUG acts as the start codon. This relationship between the mRNA codons and the amino acids is termed the genetic code.
The major steps in translation include:
1. Initiation: In this stage of protein synthesis, the ribosome joins with the mRNA and the first tRNA for the process of translation to start.
2. Elongation: In this stage of protein synthesis, the amino acids come to the ribosomes with the help of tRNAs and these amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain.
3. Termination: In this process of protein synthesis, The finished polypeptide chain is released from the ribosome and is sent to the required cell.
Hence, the correct option is A

Note: In the process of translation, the mRNA codons are read from 5’ end to 3’ by tRNA. tRNAs have anticodons on one end that are complementary to the codons present on the mRNA and they bind to each other by base pairing. The other end of tRNA carries the amino acid that is specified by the codons.