Question

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of milk from the female.
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Progesterone
(c) LH
(d) Prolactin

Answer 1

It is an outsized molecule that's synthesized in and secreted from lactotrophs, which constitute about 20 percent of the anterior pituitary gland and are located largely within the lateral regions of the gland.

Complete answer:
The two primary hormones that are responsible for lactation are prolactin and oxytocin. Prolactin hormone is responsible for stimulating milk biosynthesis within the alveolar cells of the breast and oxytocin is responsible for stimulating the contraction of the myoepithelial cells that surround the alveoli. This results in the ejaculation of the into the ducts that lead to the nipple. During pregnancy, lactation is inhibited by progesterone produced by the placenta.
- During pregnancy, the mixture of estrogen and progesterone circulating within the blood appears to inhibit milk secretion by blocking the discharge of prolactin from the pituitary and by making the mamma cells unresponsive to this pituitary hormone.
- The blockade is removed at the highest of pregnancy by the expulsion of the placenta and thus the loss of its supply of hormones, also as by the decline in hormone production by the ovaries, while sufficient estrogen remains in circulation to plug the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary then favor lactation.
- Colostrum is that the first milk a breastfed baby receives. It contains higher amounts of white blood cells and antibodies than mature milk and is particularly high in immunoglobulin A. This immunoglobulin coats the liner of the baby’s immature intestines, helping to stop pathogens from invading the baby’s system
So, the correct answer is ‘(d) Prolactin’.

Note:
- Human Placental Lactogen: A hormone closely related to prolactin that's instrumental in breast, nipple, and areola growth before birth.
- Excessive secretion of prolactin - hyperprolactinemia - could also be a comparatively common disorder in humans. The above-stated condition has many causes that include prolactin- secreting tumors and therapy with certain drugs.
- The condition of getting insufficient prolactin circulating within the blood is named hyperprolactinemia. This condition is extremely rare and should occur in people with pituitary underactivity.
- A decrease in the amount of prolactin secreted can cause insufficient milk to be produced after parturition. Most of the people with low prolactin levels don't have any specific medical problems, although preliminary evidence suggests they could have reduced immune responses to some infections.