Question

Which has the maximum internal energy at 290 K - Neon gas , Nitrogen Gas , or ozone gas ?

Answer 1

The energy contained within a thermodynamic system is known as its internal energy. It's the amount of energy required to build or prepare a system in any given internal condition. It excludes the kinetic energy of the system's motion as a whole, as well as the potential energy of the system as a whole owing to external force fields, which includes the energy of displacement of the system's surroundings. It maintains track of the system's energy gains and losses as a result of changes in its internal condition.

Complete answer:
A degree of freedom is an independent physical parameter in the formal description of the state of a physical system in physics and chemistry. The phase space of a system is the set of all states of the system, and the degrees of freedom of the system are the phase space's dimensions. Internal energy is the energy of a thermodynamic system that is neither the kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy of the system as a whole. The system's internal degrees of freedom are linked to its internal energy. Additional degrees of freedom must be addressed for actual molecular gases.
It is given by the expression
$U=\dfrac{nfRT}{2}$
n is the number of moles of gas, f is the degree of freedom, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
We know that the degree of freedom of a gas is proportional to its atomicity.
As a result, U is proportional to the atomicity of a gas at a given temperature. The ozone concentration is at its highest.
At 290K, ozone gas has the most internal energy.
A gas's internal energy is equal to $U=\dfrac{nfRT}{2}$ .
Internal energy of a gas $\propto$ f where f is the degree of freedom.

Note:
Ozone is a non-reactive inorganic molecule with the formula ${{O}_{3}}$ . It's a light blue gas with a strong unpleasant odour. It is a significantly less stable allotrope of oxygen than the diatomic allotrope ${{O}_{2}}$ , breaking down to ${{O}_{2}}$ in the lower atmosphere (dioxygen). UV radiation and electrical discharges in the Earth's atmosphere combine to produce ozone, which is made up of dioxygen.