Question

Which characters in the pea plant are selected by Mandel for his experiments?

Answer 1

Mendel used garden pea plants for his experiments on inheritance due to its convenient properties. He took several characters into consideration and thus gave his famous laws of inheritance.

Complete answer:
Mendel in his experiments on garden peas (Pisum sativum) considered 7 characters of the plant. These are
-Stem height
-Flower color
-Flower position
-Pod shape
-Pod color
-Seed shape
-Seed color.
Below is the table showing the character and its dominant and recessive trait:

Serial number	Character	Dominant	Recessive
1	Stem height	Tall	Dwarf
2	Flower color	Violet	White
3	Flower position	Axial	Terminal
4	Pod shape	Inflated	Constricted
Pod color	Green	Yellow
Seed shape	Round	Wrinkled
7	Seed color	Yellow	Green

Additional information:
The Father of genetics, Gregor Johann Mendel was a lifelong learner as he preserved through difficult circumstances to make some great Discoveries in biology. He was a teacher cum scientist.
His experiments on inheritance started in 1856 using mice as the subject but later he chose honeybees and plants and ultimately settled on true breeding garden peas as his primary model system.
He took seven Different features of the pea plants into consideration which are listed in the answer. At first, he grew two types of plants with two different forms of a feature such as tall and short height until they were true-breeding, then bred them to each other to observe how the traits are inherited.

Note: Mendel chose pea plants for his inheritance related experiment for their convenient features like rapid life cycle, production of lots and lots of seeds, self-fertilization, etc. Mendel used these properties for his advantages, especially self-fertilization to produce true-breeding pea lines. Pea plants are easy to cross or mate and it’s controllable by transferring pollen from the anthers of a pea plant of one variety to the carpel of a mature plant of a different variety. These properties of pea plants are what made Mendel able to perform so many crosses and examine many individual plants and to make sure that his results were consistent and accurate.