Question

Which blood vessel takes blood away from the kidney?
A) Renal Portal Vein
B) Renal Vein
C) Afferent arteriole
D) Efferent arteriole

Answer 1

There are certain veins that carry the filtered blood away from the kidney. These are specialized veins that branch off from the inferior vena cava.

Complete solution:
Blood vessels are the branches of the circulatory system that carries blood in the human body. Blood cells, food and oxygen are transported to different tissues by these blood vessels.
A. Renal portal vein: The renal portal system provides blood to tubule cells during the period of dehydration to prevent them from undergoing ischaemic necrosis.
B. Renal Vein: Renal vein takes blood away from the kidney. The process starts with the renal artery which enters the kidney as afferent arteriole. It carries the urea loaded blood into the glomerulus of the kidney. The blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule and runs parallel to the Loop of Henle. The urea is absorbed into the nephric filtrate by the process of tubular secretion in the loop of Henle. Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct stop the process of tubular secretion, and helps to secret the urea from the blood to the collecting duct which is finally exerted.
C. Afferent arteriole: The afferent arteriole is the arteriole that feeds blood into the glomerulus. Renal arterioles play a central role in determining glomerular filtration.
D. Efferent arteriole: The efferent arteriole supplies the blood to the extensive network of capillaries tubular system of the kidneys, known as the peritubular capillary network.
Thus, the answer is option B.

Note: There are three layers that make arteries and veins. In the arteries, the middle layer is thicker than those in the veins. Tunica intima is the inner layer, tunica media is the middle one and the outer layer is tunica adventitia.