Question

Which among these is produced by distillation of fermented broth?
(i) Whiskey (ii) Wine (iii) Beer (iv) Rum (v) Brandy
A) (ii) and (iii) alone
B) (i) and (ii) alone
C) (iii) and (v) alone
D) (i), (iv), and (v) alone
E) (iii) and (iv) alone

Answer 1

Hint:- Distillation is a process of purification. This process is widely used by the alcohol industry to extract alcohol in pure form. Alcohol is produced when yeast acts on sugar. This process is known as fermentation. The alcohol produced by fermentation is of a low concentration. Distillation is used to obtain alcohol of a higher concentration.

Complete answer:-
Wine and beer are produced by fermented broth. They do not require distillation. A fermentation broth is basically a nutrient medium to allow the growth of microorganisms. It is like a sea of nutrients that promote and support the growth of microorganisms. These microorganisms ferment the broth to release alcohol that is beer and wine. In these, the alcohol is present in a low concentration.
When this broth is heated such that the alcohol evaporates and after that, it is condensed to obtain pure alcohol, it is known as distillation. Whisky, brandy and rum are three such alcohols obtained by this process. These contain a higher concentration of alcohol than wine and beer. Thus, the name distilled spirits are given to whiskey, brandy and rum.
Beer is the weakest form of alcohol that is with the least concentration. Pure ethanol is the strongest form of ethanol and is extremely harmful to the health of the liver.
Thus, the right option is D.

Note:- The purest form of alcohol is known as grain neutral spirits (GNS). There are 7 spirits of alcohol - vodka, gin, whiskey, rum, tequila, mescal and bitters. Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary.