Question

Where is the fractionating column fitted in a distillation apparatus?

Answer 1

Fractionating columns are used in the fractional distillation process. Fractional distillation is a method of separating two or more liquid mixtures with minor changes in volatility. The liquids are continuously distilled and condensed in this process.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Between the distillation flask and the water condenser, the fractionating column is installed in a distillation equipment.
A fractionating column is part of the fractional distillation device. It's a glassware piece that's used to separate the vaporised mixture. Fractional distillation is used to separate a mixture of liquids with similar volatility or boiling points.
Raoult's law allows the mixture's vapours to cool, condense, and evaporate again through the fractionating column. The fractionating column enriches the separation of a component by allowing continuous condensation and evaporation of the mixture.
The mixture's heated vapour flows through the column during the separation process. The hot vapour transmits its heat energy to the column's walls and condenses as it passes through it. The column is heated by this energy transfer. As a result of the energy transfer, more vapours enter the column than exit.

Note:
Glass beads are used in a fractionating column to increase the surface area through which the evaporated liquids move. This allows for greater liquid separation. If the liquids' boiling points are exceptionally near, the fractionating column's length should be increased.