Question

When you add about 2ml of acetic acid to a test tube containing an equal amount of distilled water and leave the test tube to settle after shaking its contents, then after about $5$ minutes what will you observe in the test tube?
A) A white precipitate settling at its bottom
B) A clear colourless solution
C) A layer of water over the layer of acetic acid
D) A layer of acetic acid over the layer of water.

Answer 1

Ethanol and acetic acid are completely soluble in water in any proportion or in any ratio. Ethanol is the alcohol which is also known as ethyl alcohol i.e. ${C_2}{H_5}OH$. And acetic acid is a carboxylic acid i.e. $C{H_3}COOH$.

Complete step by step solution:
Let us first talk about acetic acid.
Acetic acid is a compound in which methyl group is attached to the carboxyl group. The functional group in the acetic acid is carboxylic acid i.e. $- COOH$. And the formula of acetic acid is $C{H_3}COOH$.
When acetic acid is added in water and then shaken then we will see a clear colourless solution because acetic acid is completely soluble in water in any proportion or in any ratio.
Hence option B i.e. when you add about $2ml$ of acetic acid to a test tube containing an equal amount of distilled water and leave the test tube to settle after shaking its contents, then after about $5$ minutes we will see a clear colourless solution, is correct.

Hence, option (B) is correct.

Additional information:
Alkanes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have only a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkanes. For example: The first member of the alkane family is ethane $({H_3}C - C{H_3})$. The general formula of the alkane group is ${C_n}{H_{(2n + 2)}}$.
Alkenes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have at least one double bond along with a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkenes. For example: The first member of the alkene family is ethene $({H_2}C = C{H_2})$. The general formula of the alkene group is ${C_n}{H_{2n}}$.
Alkynes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have at least one triple bond along with a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkynes. For example: The first member of the alkyne family is ethyne $(HC \equiv CH)$. The general formula of the alkyne group is ${C_n}{H_{(2n - 2)}}$.

Number of carbon atoms in alkane	Name of the parent chain
One	Methane
Two	Ethane
Three	Propane
Four	Butane
Five	Pentane
Six	Hexane
Seven	Heptane

Functional group: In hydrogen the atoms or groups which are other than carbon and hydrogen, are known as function groups. For example: chloride if chlorine is present in the compound.

Note:
Suffix to some functional groups are as: for carboxylic acid suffix used is –oic acid, for alcohols suffix used is alkyl alcohol. For example: if an alcohol group is present in methane then the IUPAC name of the compound will be methyl alcohol.