Question

When the electrodes (metals and non-metals) in contact with their ions are arranged on the basis of the values of their standard reduction potentials or standard oxidation potentials, the resulting series is called:
A.Electrochemical series
B.Electromotive series
C.Reduction series
D.None of the above

Answer 1

This arrangement of the series on the basis of the values of their reduction and oxidation potentials is done with respect to standard hydrogen electrodes or SHE. The standard potential is determined under certain conditions such as, concentration should be 1 mole per liter, pressure should be 1 atmosphere and temperature should be 25 degree celsius.

Complete answer:
Electrochemical series is a list that describes the arrangement of elements in order of their increasing or decreasing standard electrode potential values.
The standard electrode potentials are decided with respect to standard hydrogen electrodes. The electrode potential of a hydrogen electrode is taken as zero and standard electrode potentials of other elements are assigned with respect to that.
If the standard electrode potential of any element is more than that of hydrogen, it is assigned a positive value, and that proves that this element has the ability to become a cathode in front of a hydrogen electrode.
Similarly if the standard electrode potential of any element is less than that of hydrogen, it is assigned a negative value, and this proves that this element does not have the ability to become a cathode in front of a hydrogen electrode. Thus, it becomes an anode.
Elements who can easily accept electrons from other elements have positive or higher reduction potential and those who can easily give electrons to others have negative or lower reduction potential.
And hence option A is the correct answer.

Note:
Currently, fluorine has the highest standard reduction potential of +2.87 V (Volt) and Lithium has the lowest standard reduction potential of -3.04 V (Volt). This series is also known as electromotive series, so options A and B are both probably correct.