Question

When orientation of dipoles parallel and antiparallel to magnetic field is distributed unequally, then the material is
A. Paramagnetic
B. Ferromagnetic
C. Ferrimagnetic
D. Antiferromagnetic

Answer 1

Net magnetic dipole moment arrangement is different for very magnetic material. Magnetic dipoles and their behavior in the presence or absence of magnetic fields can be used here. Based on the alignment and response of the magnetic dipoles, materials can be classified as Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic, Ferrimagnetic and Antiferromagnetic materials.

Complete step-by-step answer:
In Paramagnetic materials there are some atoms or ions which have net magnetic moment due to unpaired electrons in partially filled orbitals. However, the individual magnets do not interact magnetically and when the field is removed magnetization becomes zero.
In ferromagnetic materials, the atomic moments in these materials exhibit strong interactions unlike paramagnetic materials. These interactions are produced due to exchange of the forces which results in parallel and antiparallel alignment of molecules.
In antiferromagnetic materials, dipole moments are similar to that in ferromagnetic materials. But, the adjacent dipole moments are not parallel to each other. Hence, they cancel out each other.
Hence, when the orientation of dipoles parallel and antiparallel to the magnetic field is distributed unequally, then the material is ferrimagnetic.

So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Note: In diamagnetic materials, magnetic dipoles are absent if there is no electric field present. But, magnetic dipoles are created when we apply a magnetic field. These dipoles are in the opposite direction of the magnetic field. In paramagnetic materials magnetic dipoles do exist but they align only when an external magnetic field is applied. In ferromagnetic materials, magnetic dipoles are present even in the absence of external magnetic fields.