Question

When n-hexane is heated with Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ and $HCl$ gas, the major products obtained is:
1-chlorohexane
2-chlorohexane
3-chlorohexane
Mixture of 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane.

Answer 1

N-hexane is an alkane which is an isomer of hexane. Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ is a white or yellow coloured crystalline solid which is used as a catalyst in Friedel–Crafts reactions where it acts as a Lewis acid and generates the electrophile which attacks and makes the reaction possible. It gives $HCl$ gas as a by-product.

Complete step-by-step answer: Hexane is a straight line chain chemical compound with six carbon atoms. It is colourless and a constituent of gasoline. It has a molecular formula of ${C_6}{H_{14}}$ . N-hexane is an isomer of hexane. An isomer is a compound with the same number of atoms but has different arrangements of atoms and different structure as compared to the original structure of the compound. The change in structure of the same compound leads to change in chemical and physical properties of the compound.
When crude oil is mixed with solvents then the chemical produced is n-hexane. N-hexane is mixed with various solvents and is used in various industries and is used for extracting vegetable oils from crops. These solvents with n-hexane are also used for cleaning purposes. It is insoluble in water as it does not from hydrogen bonding with water molecules. It is less dense than water and is a volatile organic compound.
Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ is a white or yellow coloured crystalline solid. It reacts with water readily and liberates $HCl$ gas. Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ is used as a catalyst in Friedel–Crafts reactions as it promotes the reaction by acting as a Lewis acid as it requires two electrons to gain noble gas configuration. In the reaction it helps to generate the electrophile which attacks. Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ on reacting gives $HCl$ gas as a by-product.
For the given question, when an alkane like n-hexane reacts with Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ and $HCl$ gas , the major product obtained is a mixture of 2-methylpentane and 3-methylpentane. Anhydrous $AlC{l_3}$ and $HCl$ gas on reacting with an alkane divides the alkane into a mixture of alkanes with one less carbon atom than the alkane it reacts with.

Thus, option (D) is correct.

Note: Hydrogen chloride $HCl$ is used in various laboratory reactions and used as a catalyst in various reactions. It is used for cleaning, refining and electroplating metals. When plastics burn, hydrogen chloride is produced. When it reacts with water, it forms hydrochloric acid which is an inorganic strong acid with a pungent smell.