Question

When children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and floodwater, they may suffer from
A. Leptospirosis and Bilharzia
B. Malaria, Amoebic dysentery, and Leptospirosis
C. Bilharzia, Infective hepatitis, and Diarrhoea
D. Guinea worm infection, Elephantiasis, and Amoebic dysentery

Answer 1

When the children will be playing in dirty water and floodwater, then various types of diseases can spread via the skin by coming into contact with the dirty water. There will be a chance of the children being exposed to the diseases that are caused by spirochaetes or diseases like schistosomiasis coming in contact with the dirty water.

Complete step by step answer: -Leptospirosis and Bilharzia: Leptospirosis is a disease that is caused by the Spirochaetes. It is found in the urinal secretions of rodents. If the floodwater is contaminated with the urine of rodents and other animals, then it might cause infection in people if the skin is coming in contact with it. Bilharzia is also known as schistosomiasis because it is caused by the schistosome. It spreads through the skin when swimming in water having the cercariae larvae.
-Malaria, Amoebic dysentery, and Leptospirosis: Malaria is caused by the biting of the female Anopheles. The water is the breeding ground for the malarial mosquito. Hence, people coming in contact with dirty water might get malaria infection if the mosquito bites them. Amoebic dysentery is caused by Entamoeba histolytica , which is a parasitic protozoan. The vector is a housefly. It spreads by ingesting contaminated food and water that is infected with the parasite. Leptospirosis is a disease that is caused by the Spirochaetes. It is found in the urinal secretions of rodents. If the floodwater is contaminated with the urine of rodents and other animals, then it might cause infection in people if the skin is coming in contact with it.
-Bilharzia, Infective hepatitis, and Diarrhoea: Bilharzia is also known as schistosomiasis because it is caused by the schistosome. It spreads through the skin when swimming in water having the cercariae larvae. Infective hepatitis is also known as Hepatitis A. It is caused by the Hepatitis A virus. It is spread by the fecal contamination of food. Hence, it transmits through the fecal-oral route. Diarrhea is a viral disease. It is caused by ingesting contaminated food.
-Guinea worm infection, Elephantiasis, and Amoebic dysentery: It is also known as Dracunculiasis. It is caused by the Guinea worm parasite. It spreads by drinking the contaminated water. Elephantiasis is also known as Filariasis. It is spread by the filarial worm also known as Wuchereria. It is transmitted by the bite of the infected female Culex. Amoebic dysentery is caused by Entamoeba histolytica , which is a parasitic protozoan. The vector is a housefly. It spreads by ingesting contaminated food and water that is infected with the parasite.
Thus, when children play bare-footed in pools of dirty water and floodwater, they may suffer from Leptospirosis and Bilharzia.
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).
Note: Bilharzia is also known as snail fever. It is caused by schizotomes which are parasitic flatworms. It infects the intestines or the urinary tract. It is known as snail fever because the parasites are released in the freshwater by the freshwater snails. And this disease spreads by coming in contact with freshwater that is contaminated with the parasites.