Question

When amylase catalyse the hydrolysis of starch, the final product obtained is chiefly
(A) Cellobiose
(B) Glucose
(C) Maltose
(D) Sucrose

Answer 1

Hint : Amylase is a digestive enzyme that catalyses starch hydrolysis into sugars. This enzyme is present in the salivary gland of the organisms. As we know that the digestion starts at the buccal cavity, amylase helps in the digestion process starting at the buccal cavity.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
As mentioned earlier about the amylase enzyme it is active in the salivary gland which facilitates starch-to-sugar hydrolysis. Amylase is not only present in the salivary gland but also present in the pancreas and helps in starch intracellular digestion. This enzyme changes the glycosidic bonds of starch into simpler forms of sugar.
Starch is a polymer of glucose. It is formed by the binding of alpha $1,4$- glucose molecules by glycosidic bonds.
During digestion the food we chew mixes with the saliva to partially facilitate the starch digestion. As the food is passed down to the small intestine the rest of the starch catalysed by pancreatic amylase into maltose. Other enzymes further break down the by-products of amylase hydrolysis into glucose molecules which are then absorbed by the walls of the intestine.
Maltase is the enzyme that catalyses the simple sugar glucose hydrolysis of disaccharide maltose. Maltase is secreted by the intestine and then converts maltose into glucose. This enzyme is present in bacteria, plants, yeast etc.
Hence the answer is option C Maltose.

Note :
Starch has two components namely amylose and amylopectin. Amylase is a water soluble component whereas amylopectin is insoluble in water. Also glucose has two crystalline forms namely alpha and beta.