Question

What would the symbol be for a particle that has $11$ protons, $12$neutrons, and $10$ electrons?

Answer 1

We know that sodium is a chemical element represented by the symbol and has atomic number $11.$ It is a soft, silvery-white and highly reactive metal. It is kept in the category of alkali metal and placed in the $1st$ group of the periodic table.

Complete answer:
A proton is a subatomic particle represented by the symbol and it is positively charged and has mass slightly less than that of a neutron. The number of protons in the nucleus generally defines the property of that element and is referred to as the atomic number of that element. Thus the number of protons in a sodium atom is $11.$ Neutron is also a subatomic particle which is represented by the symbol $~n\text{ }or\text{ }n{}^\circ$ it carries no charge i.e. neutral in nature. Number of neutrons can be calculated by subtracting the mass number through atomic number and we know that mass number of sodium is $23$ and atomic number is $11.$
Sodium has an atomic number of $11.$The number of protons determines the atomic number. The $11$ protons makes an atomic number of $11.$ The $11$ protons have a charge of $+11$ while the $10$ electrons have a charge of $-10.$ This results in a net charge of $+1.$ $\left( +11 \right)+\left( -10 \right)=+1$
Sodium $_{11}^{23}Na$ is the most common isotope of sodium. The mass of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. $11$ protons and $12$ neutrons results in a total mass of $23,$ $11+12=23$ . To be totally correct the symbol could be written as $_{11}^{23}N{{a}^{+1}}$

Note:
Remember that an atom consists of a nucleus and this nucleus is made up of protons which are positively charged and neutrons that are neutral in nature i.e. carries no charge and electrons carrying negative charge are revolving around the nucleus.