Question

What would be expected to happen if:
A.GA3 is applied to rice seedlings.
B.Dividing cells stop differentiating.
C.A rotten fruit gets mixed with unripe fruits.
D.You forgot to put cytokinin to the culture medium

Answer 1

Similar to hormones like insulin, glucagon, adrenaline, etc. in humans, plants also have hormones that are responsible for the growth and maturation of the plant. Plant hormones are also called ‘Phytohormones’. Some examples of plant hormones are: auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene etc.

Complete step by step answer:
Option A) GA3 is one of the gibberellin- a plant growth hormone. It is added to the seeds to allow germination and allow the mRNA to encode for hydrolytic enzymes. It allows the elongation of stem and internodes. It is also responsible for the sex expression of plants e.g. it promotes maleness in cannabis. They also induce flowering and delay senescence. So, if added to the rice seedlings, it will allow germination, elongation, and growth of stem and root.
Option B) If dividing cells stop differentiating, the leaves, flowers, and stem or other such organs will not grow and form a tumor of undifferentiated cells called a callus.
Option C) Ethylene is present in gaseous form and is both a plant growth hormone and an inhibitor. It promotes the ripening of fruits, promotes senescence, and induces root hair growth. So, if a rotten fruit gets mixed with unripe fruits, the unripe fruit will ripe due to the secretion of ethylene from the rotten fruit.
Option D) Cytokinins are named because of their ability to promote cytokinesis therefore they are responsible for cell division and growth of shoot and stem. They also allow the formation of the chloroplast. So, if you forget to put cytokinin in the culture medium, the growth of the plant will be slower.

Note:
Plant hormones can act synergistically or individually. They are produced in all the parts of the plant and are transported. Plant hormones can act synergistically or individually.