Question

What will produce nitrobenzene on reaction with $Sn/HCl$ ?

Answer 1

We have to know that, consider a self-assertive fragrant nitro compound and attempt to compose the response instrument with $Sn/HCl$ . Tin responds with $HCl$ and framed tin (IV) chloride. Henceforth, we can say that ${H^ + }$ particles are discharges, which respond with the nitro utilitarian gathering of the sweet-smelling compound.

Complete answer:
We have to see that nitration of fragrant mixtures is utilized to add nitrogen particles to the aromatic compound as nitro $- N{O_2}$ bunch. The nitrating combination comprises hot concentrated nitric corrosive additionally called hot seething nitric corrosive furthermore, concentrated sulphuric corrosive.
Sulphuric corrosive is a more grounded corrosive than nitric corrosive. Sulphuric corrosive protonated nitrogen present in the nitric corrosive. This prompts the arrangement of nitroso particles $NO_2^ +$ .
Nitroso particles are then added to the benzene ring through electrophilic replacement response. This is the manner by which fragrant nitro compounds are shaped.
We will presently consider a sweet-smelling nitro compound and compose its response with $Sn/HCl$ .

Tin responds with hydrochloric corrosive to shape Tin (IV) chloride. The ${H^ + }$ particles present respond with the nitro gathering of the fragrant compound. The oxygen from the nitro bunch is delivered as water particles. Instead of oxygen molecules, hydrogen gets subbed prompting the development of aromatic amine.
The balanced chemical equation is given below,
$2{C_6}{H_5}N{O_2} + 3Sn + 12HCl \to 2{C_6}{H_5}N{H_2} + 3SnC{l_4} + 4{H_2}O$
The item framed is aniline, which is an aromatic essential amine.

Note:
We have to know that electrophilic aromatic-replacement is a natural response where the hydrogen that is joined to a natural framework is supplanted by approaching electrophile. The portion of the significant electrophilic aromatic-replacement, incorporates fragrant nitration.