Question

What will happen, if intake of iodine in our diet is low?
A. Goiter.
B. Grave’s disease.
C. Addison’s disease.
D. Improved physical conditions.

Answer 1

Iodine is one of the important minerals present in foods. The iodine is necessary for the body for making thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormone regulates the metabolism of the body and is involved in many other functions in the body. The thyroid hormone also helps in bone formation and brain development. When iodine is not present in sufficient amounts, then the thyroid gland is not able to produce thyroid hormone.

Complete answer:
Iodine deficiency leads to increased output of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This increased TSH condition; force the thyroid gland to take more iodine from the blood, to meet the need of iodine. This could occur if iodine levels fall below 100 mcg per day.
Iodine deficiency is the one of the major causes of thyroid enlargement and occurrence of goitre. Goitre is a swelling around the neck or larynx that occurs due to the enlargement of the thyroid gland. In goitre, nodules develop in the patients. Patients suffering from goitre may develop symptoms like choking, and difficulty in swallowing and breathing problems.
Graves' disease belongs to the immune system diseases in which there is the hyper-secretion of thyroid hormones and is known as hyperthyroidism. As thyroid hormones affect many other body systems as well, so many body symptoms can be observed. Symptoms of Graves' disease can be Bulging eyes, thickening and reddening of the skin, Irritability or nervousness, tiredness etc.
Addison's disease is a disease that occurs if the body produces insufficient or hypo-secretion of some hormones produced by the adrenal glands. In Addison's disease, the adrenal gland secretes a small quantity of cortisol and a negligible amount of aldosterone hormone.

If intake of iodine in our diet is low, it results in a goiter and it deteriorates the physical condition of the body.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Some examples of Iodine rich foods are Fishes, seaweed, prawns, sea foods, and dairy products like milk, curd, and buttermilk, cheese, are the sufficient sources of iodine. Iodized salt available in the market is also a best option for iodine.
Grave’s disease- by hypersecretion of thyroid hormone.
Addison disease- by hypo-secretion of aldosterone hormone.