Question

What will be the reading when the hydrometer is dipped in water?

Answer 1

Water is an inorganic, clear, tasteless, odourless, and virtually colourless chemical substance that makes up the majority of the Earth's hydrosphere and all known living creatures' fluids. Even though it contains no calories or organic nutrients, it is necessary for all known forms of life. Each of its molecules has one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms linked by covalent bonds, as indicated by its chemical formula ${H_2}O$.

Complete step by step answer:
A hydrometer is a device that is used to measure the relative density of liquids. One or more scales, such as specific gravity, are usually used to calibrate and grade them. A hydrometer is typically made out of a sealed hollow glass tube with a larger bottom section for buoyancy, a ballast such as lead or mercury for stability, and a thin stem with graduated graduations for measurement. The liquid to be tested is put into a tall container, such as a graduated cylinder, and the hydrometer is gradually lowered until it floats freely. The relative density is determined by the point at which the liquid's surface meets the hydrometer's stem. Hydrometers can have any number of scales along the stem that correlate to density-related characteristics. A lactometer is calibrated to measure the density (creaminess) of milk, a saccharometer is calibrated to measure the density of sugar in a liquid, and an alcohol meter is calibrated to measure greater amounts of alcohol in spirits. The hydrometer works on Archimedes' principle, which states that a solid suspended in a fluid is buoyed by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the suspended solids submerged in half. A hydrometer of a particular weight falls deeper the lower the density of the fluid; the stem is calibrated to provide a numerical measurement.
When the hydrometer is immersed in water, the reading is 1.

Note: A hydrometer analysis is a method of grading fine-grained soils, silts, and clays. If the grain sizes are too fine for sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis is used. The test is based on Stoke's Law for falling spheres in a viscous fluid, which states that the terminal velocity of fall is determined by grain diameter and densities of the grain in suspension and the fluid. With the distance and time of fall known, the grain diameter may be determined.