Question

What type of sorus is present in Nephrolepis
A)Coenosorus
B)Simple
C)Mixed
D)None of the above

Answer 1

Nephrolepis, is a fern that can be found in northern Australia and Asia. It is An evergreen perennial herbaceous plant that can grow up to a height of 40–90 centimeters. There are many common names of this fern-like fishbone fern, tuberous sword fern, tuber ladder fern, erect sword fern, etc.

Complete step by step answer
-a brownish or yellowish cluster of spore-producing structures I.e. sporangium is known as sorus, plural sori. present on the fern leaves on the lower side.
-Indusium is a scale or flap of tissue that protects the sorus during development.
-Sorus is a special structure and the outgrowth of the leaf helps in providing protection to the sporangia. It looks like the upside-down umbrella and looks like shrivels before the spores are released.
-In Nephrolepis, mixed sorus is present because without any order of development sporangia arise. That is why the sorus is of mixed type.
-The irregular ripening of later sporangium takes place in mixed sorus among earlier ones and regarded as an advanced form of sorus. There is an indiscriminately mixing of young and old sorus.

Additional information
-In Nephrolepis, nephros means kidney and lepis means the indusium kidney shape and scale-like have almost 30 species and are distributed in the tropics of the entire world.
-Sporophytic is their major plant body and divided into the rhizome, roots, and leaves.
Rhizome -characterized by short slender, suberect, erect, or wide creeping. It bears a close tuft of leaves and runners which are long slender lateral branches.
-Runners spread for some distances and bear roots.
Roots - roots have arrived from rhizomes and runners in acropetal successions. Roots are branched and adventitious.
Leaves - are tuft, long, narrow, and simple pinnate. Leaves are characterized by numerous, crowded, and often imbricated pinnae. Leaves are slightly falcate and articulated at the base.

So, the correct answer is, “mixed”.

Note:
-Feature sporangium is a capsule-like structure containing the sports and aggregated into clusters called sori.
-For the identification of ferns, the position and arrangement of spores are very important.
-The ferns are known as fertile if the sporangia are present on the underside and that don't contain known as sterile.
-In the sporophyte generation the sori occurs.