Question

What occurs during the process of Meiosis II?

Answer 1

Meiosis is a form of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms' germ cells and is used to generate gametes such as sperm and egg cells. It takes two rounds of division to produce four cells, each with just one copy of each chromosome.

Complete answer:
Meiosis II begins shortly after cytokinesis, typically before the chromosomes have decondensed fully. Meiosis II, in contrast to meiosis I, resembles a natural mitosis. Before joining meiosis II, several types of cells go through brief interphase also known as interkinesis. Since there is no S process of interkinesis, chromosomes are not duplicated. The two cells that are formed during meiosis I go through meiosis II together. The sister chromatids inside the two daughter cells differentiate during meiosis II, resulting in the formation of four new haploid gametes. Meiosis II follows the same mechanics as mitosis, with the exception that each dividing cell has only one set of homologous chromosomes.
Prophase II
The chromosomes condense again after decondensed in telophase I. Nuclear envelopes fragments into vesicles if they develop. New spindles are formed as the centrosomes that were duplicated during interphase I shift away from each other toward opposite poles.
Prometaphase II
The spindle is fully shaped and the nuclear envelopes have been completely broken down. Each sister chromatid has its kinetochore, which connects to microtubules from opposite poles.
Metaphase II
At the equator of the cell, the sister chromatids are maximally condensed and aligned.
Anaphase II
Kinetochore microtubules drag the sister chromatids apart and push them toward opposite poles. The cell is elongated by non-kinetochore microtubules.
Cytokinesis and Telophase II
When the chromosomes reach opposite poles, they start to decondense. The chromosomes are encased in nuclear envelopes. The two cells are separated by cytokinesis into four distinct haploid cells. The newly formed nuclei are both haploids at this stage.

Note:
Due to the random mixture of paternal and maternal homologs and the recombination of maternal and paternal chromosome segments (with their sets of genes) that occurs during the crossover, the cells formed are genetically special.