Question

What is work according to science and write its unit?

Answer 1

In science, work is the method of the conversion of energy by the application of force to the motion of an object, often described as the product of force and displacement. Work moves energy from one position to another, or from one form to another.Work performed on a body is equal to the rise in the body's energy, since energy is added to the body through work. However, if the applied force is contrary to the object's motion, the work is assumed to be negative, meaning that the object takes energy from it.

Complete step by step solution:
-Work, in physics, measures the transfer of energy that happens whenever an object is displaced by an external force over a space, at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement. Work can be calculated by multiplying the length of the path by the portion of the force acting along the path if the force is constant. To express this concept mathematically, the work W is equal to the force f times the distance d, or $w = fd$.If the force is being exerted at an angle θ to the displacement, the work done is $w = fd\cos \theta$.
-Work performed on a body is achieved not only by moving the body as a whole from one position to another, but also, for example, by compressing a gas, spinning a shaft, and also by allowing an external gravitational force to induce unseen movements of the particles inside a body.
Unit: The SI unit of energy is $Joules(J)$, which is named in honour of James Prescott Joule. $Joules(J)$ is equivalent to $Newton - meter$ or $N - m$. On the other hand, the base unit for work is $kg{m^2}{s^2}$. The CGS unit of work is $Dyne - cm$. It can be also expressed in its base unit which is $gc{m^2}{s^2}$.

Note: Energy is distinct from work. There will be some confusion about work and energy because of the same SI unit $Joules(J)$. The SI unit of energy is also $Joules(J)$. In science, we can define energy as the capacity to do work.
Some differences between work and energy are given as:
-Work is an action on the object that produces some displacement whereas energy is defined as a system 's property or the capacity to do work.
-If the force applied is in the same displacement direction as work, it is positive. It is in the reverse direction of the displacement where the applied force acts adversely.Whereas there is no part of direction that is involved in energy as it is a scalar quantity.