Question

What is uremia?

Answer 1

The uremia may lead to a chronic kidney disease in which patients have serious gastrointestinal problems including vomiting and nausea. There is a loss of appetite, high blood pressure, and fatigue condition that is seen in the body. The very main sign of uremia includes progressive weakness and easy fatigue of the body.

Complete answer: It is defined as the condition of the kidneys in which malfunctioning of the kidneys occurs and due to the accumulation of urea in the blood or there is a highly abnormal accumulation of waste products in blood. It is a very harmful condition and can lead to kidney failure. It is so fatal that it may lead to chronic kidney failure.
Causes- Uremia has a major symptom of kidneys(renal failure). When the kidneys are not able to remove waste products from the blood or blood is not filtered properly in the kidneys. This condition may occur from chronic kidney disease. Therefore, these waste products such as urea get into the bloodstream causing a potentially life-threatening condition. Other simple causes of this condition include diabetes 1 and 2, inflammation of the filtering unit called glomeruli, prostate enlargement, kidney stones that block the kidneys and therefore affect the filtration process.
Treatment- It includes dialysis the main treatment of uremia. It is done with help of machines by which excess wastes, toxins, and extra fluids are removed with the machine and not by kidneys itself.
Hemodialysis- The blood which is drained from the convenient artery is made to pass-through a dialyzing unit after the addition of an anticoagulant such as heparin. This unit has the coiled cellophane tube which is surrounded by dialysis fluid with the same composition as the plasma except for the nitrogenous wastes. This cellophane membrane allows the selective passage of the molecules based on the concentration gradient. As the nitrogenous wastes are not present in the dialyzing fluid this allows free movement of these out and thereby clearing the fluid. Therefore after this clear blood is pumped back through the vein after adding anticoagulant heparin to it. Another method is kidney transplantation, a healthy kidney taken from a donor is transplanted into the patient. The patient is put on antirejection medicine after that to decrease the chances of rejection of transplanted kidney by the body of the patient.

Note: Kidneys are the important excretory organs. The accumulation of wastes in the blood due to any condition of kidneys will give rise to life-threatening problems including kidney failure and therefore death.