Question

What is the type of bond in which electrons are shared unequally?

Answer 1

In these types of bonds, the unequal sharing of the bonding pair results in a partial negative charge on the chlorine atom while a partial positive charge in that of the hydrogen atom.

Complete answer:
There are two kinds of covalent bonding as given below-
1. Non-polar bonding along with an equal sharing of electrons.
2. Polar bonding along with an unequal sharing of electrons. The number of shared electrons depends over the number of electrons which are required in order to complete the octet.
Polarity takes place due to one of the atoms in a covalent bond which has a greater electronegativity in comparison with the other, which in turn makes it attract towards the shared electrons even more strongly. The uneven sharing of the electrons establishes a dipole shift, that in general, means that the side along with the more electronegative atom possess a slightly negative charge while the end which has the less electro negative atom has a slightly positive charge.
Thus, Polar covalent bonding refers to the type of chemical bond in which a pair of electrons are unequally shared among the two atoms.

Note:
If the electronegativity difference present between the two atoms is somewhere between $0.5$ and $2.0$ then in that case the atoms form a polar covalent bond. For example Water - ${H_2}O$ , Ammonia - $NH$.