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Question

Question: What is the relationship between bond length and bond multiplicity?...

What is the relationship between bond length and bond multiplicity?

Explanation

Solution

We know that bond length is defined as the average distance between the center of the nucleus to two covalently bonded atoms in a molecule and bond strength is measured by bond length, the greater the bond length weaker will be the bond strength.

Complete answer:
Bond length depends upon the various factors which are given below: Size of atom: Size of atom and bond length is directly proportional to the size of atoms present in a molecule. With the increase in the size of the atom, there is also an increase in bond length and vice-versa. The multiplicity of bond: Bond length is inversely proportional to the bond length. As there is an increase in the multiplicity of bonds there is observed a decrease in bond lengthwise.
The bond length of a molecule containing a single bond is higher than that in a double bond which is higher than that in a triple bond. Types of hybridization: As we know the size of the s orbital is smaller, the greater the s character, the smaller will be the hydride orbitals thus smaller will be bond length. Bond length decreases with increase in bond multiplicity.

Note:
Remember that the bond length is expressed in terms of Angstrom (A)\left( A{}^\circ \right) or picometer which is equal to 1012m{{10}^{-12}}m . Bond length is experimentally measured by either X-ray diffraction method or electron diffraction method. We can also determine it with the spectroscopic method.