Question

What is the pH of a 0.01 M solution of the strong acid $HCl{{O}_{4}}$, perchloric acid?

Answer 1

Before solving this question, we should first know about the formula to calculate pH.
pH = $-\log \,({{H}^{+}})$ and ${{k}_{w}}$= $({{H}^{+}})\,(O{{H}^{-}})$. The calculation of the Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is known as pH. The relative quantity $({{H}^{+}})$ is stated by pH. Acidity depends on the concentration of the $({{H}^{+}})$ ions. If the concentration of $({{H}^{+}})$ ions is more, then more is the acidity of the solution. Now, we can apply this formula and solve the numerical easily.

Complete answer:
Perchloric acid has a chemical formula $HCl{{O}_{4}}$. It has ionizing properties in water that makes it a strong acid because strong acids are the one that ionizes completely in water. The ions of the strong acids get dissociated in the presence of water. This is why,$HCl{{O}_{4}}$is a strong acid.
We have to remember that when a strong acid is included in a reaction, it is supposed to be dissociated completely when are kept in an aqueous solution to form hydronium ions $({{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}})$ and their conjugate base as well.
When every molecule of the acid ionizes that means donating its acidic proton to a water molecule, i.e Complete dissociation.
$HCl{{O}_{4}}(aq)+{{H}_{2}}O(aq)\to {{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}}+Cl{{O}_{4}}^{-}$
pH = $-{{\log }_{10}}({{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}})$
pH = $-{{\log }_{10}}({{10}^{-2}})$
pH = 2

Note:
pH has various uses like
Hydrochloric acid in our stomach helps to digest the food without damaging our stomach. But if the concentration of acid exceeds a certain limit, then we face problems like pain and indigestion. SO, to neutralize it Antacids are taken to balance the pH.
Soils need a certain amount of pH to be fertile. The soil should not be too acidic or too alkaline. It hampers the growth of the plant.