Question

What is the outer electron configuration for the group $~15$ element in the fourth period?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that the electronic configuration of the element describes how the electrons are filled and the atomic orbitals. A standard notation is followed in which all the atomic subshells containing electrons are placed sequentially.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
First, what is an electronic configuration; it’s the arrangement or distribution of the electrons present in an atom or molecules in the atomic or molecular orbital. There are three rules for filling of the electrons in the orbitals. Those rules are Pauli’s exclusion principle, Hund’s rule and Aufbau’s principle.
Electrons will follow three rules while filling Electrons will follow three rules while filling the orbital. These three rules are;
Pauling’s exclusion principle: According to this principle, no two electrons in an orbital will have all four quantum numbers equal.
Hund’s rule: Hund’s rule states that every orbital in the subshells should be singly electrons should have the same spin.
Aufbau’s principle: According to Aufbau’s principle, filling of the electron in the orbital of an atom takes place according to the increasing energy of their orbitals.
Usually the information from the atomic number can be drawn in two forms: The number of the electrons in the outermost shell represents the group number. The total number of shells represents the period number. Since Nitrogen belongs to $2nd$ period, $4th$ period element from $15th$ group is Arsenic with outer electronic configuration as $[Ar]3{{d}^{10}}4{{s}^{2}}4{{p}^{3}}$
Elements of group $15$ from top to bottom are:-
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Arsenic
Antimony
Bismuth
When the last electron of an atom is present in the p-orbital, it comes under the p-block element. There are three p-orbitals present and it can accommodate a total of six electrons.

Note :
Remember that the electronic configuration of the element gives an idea about its atomic number as well, the total number of electrons in each shell and their sum will be equivalent to the atomic number of the element.