Question

What is the name of $Sn{{O}_{2}}$?

Answer 1

The naming of various chemical compounds is done according to the rules and norms suggested by IUPAC. According to IUPAC, the cation is named first and then the anion. The cation is that atom which carries a positive charge, while an anion carries a negative charge. The oxidation state of all the atoms combined is equal to zero in a molecule.

Complete answer:
We have been given a chemical formula of $Sn{{O}_{2}}$, whose name is to be identified. A chemical formula for any compound represents the quantities of atoms involved in a molecule. While writing the chemical formula and giving nomenclature for that molecule, the cation is named and written before the anion of that molecule.
We have been given $Sn{{O}_{2}}$. This compound consists of tin, Sn and oxygen, O as the atoms. The Sn is cation and while the oxide ion is the anion. We know that oxide has formula ${{O}^{2-}}$, which means it has an oxidation state of -2. There are 2 oxygen atoms, so we will calculate the oxidation state of tin, Sn as ,
Sn $\times$ 2 (-2) = 0
Sn = 4
Thus, the oxidation state of Sn is 4. This means that the name of $Sn{{O}_{2}}$ will be written as tin (IV) oxide.
This is because, one tin atom with charge as $S{{n}^{4+}}$ will be require to compensate the charge of -2 of 2 ${{O}^{2-}}$, oxide atoms.
Hence, the name of $Sn{{O}_{2}}$ is tin (IV) oxide.

Note:
The metals consist of variable oxidation states. Tin is also one of the metals having oxidation states of +2 and +4 as it is from group 14. Therefore, to clarify the oxidation state of any element, the roman numeral of that oxidation number is written in the name, like that of tin (IV) oxide.