Question

What is the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane called?

Answer 1

The osmotic pressure along the medium involved in the process of osmosis. It's also one of the answers in action's colligative properties.
Any solvent, including gases and supercritical liquids, can go through the osmosis process.
The external pressure that causes the zero-net transport of solvent across the membrane is known as osmotic pressure. In a nutshell, it's just a little extra pressure to prevent osmosis.

Complete answer:
The spontaneous flow of solvent molecules from a lower-concentration solution to a higher-concentration solution over a semipermeable membrane is known as osmosis.
It is a passive and spontaneous process that takes place without the use of any energy. It simply entails the flow of molecules from one region to the next until equilibrium is reached.
Osmosis is the process through which the concentrations on both sides of a membrane are equalised. Because the solute particles cannot pass through the barrier, the solvent prefers to pass. This passing will continue until the solutions have reached a state of equilibrium. As a result, osmosis is a thermodynamically advantageous process.
The phenomena of osmosis can be seen in a variety of situations like: Red blood cells (RBCs) and Plants' roots.
Semi-permeable membrane- A semi-permeable membrane is a thin membrane that allows some molecules (usually tiny) to flow through but not others.

Note:
Diffusion is the migration of a molecule from a high-concentration region to a low-concentration zone. It can happen in either direction. The transfer of water or any other solvent from a low-solute-concentration zone to a high-solute-concentration region is known as osmosis. This is a one-way phenomenon.
Diffusion does not necessitate the use of a semipermeable membrane, whereas osmosis does. The diffusion occurs in all directions when osmosis is a unidirectional phenomenon. Furthermore, although only the solvent flows in osmosis, all ingredients move in diffusion.