Question

What is the inflorescence of China rose?

Answer 1

Inflorescence is a cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of the main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. The portion of the stem or its branch that bears the cluster of flowers is called the peduncle, it is the main axis of the inflorescence whereas the stalk of the individual flower is called pedicab. The individual flowers may arise in the axil of special leaves called bracts.

Complete answer:
The inflorescence has been classified into five major types-
1. Solitary flower
2. Racemose inflorescence
3. Cymose inflorescence
4. Mixed inflorescence
5. Special Inflorescence

Solitary flower: It can be solitary terminal (single flower occurs at the tips of the main stem and branches) or solitary axillary (single flowers occur in the axils of ordinary green leaves).

Racemose inflorescence: It is an indeterminate inflorescence that shows indefinite growth, bears a number of flowers due to the presence of an active growing point. The arrangement of flowers is either acropetal (older toward the base and younger toward the apex) or centripetal (older toward the periphery and younger toward the center). It is further divided into 2 types: simple and compound.

Cymose Inflorescence: It is of definite growth in which the tip of the main axis terminates in a flower and further growth continues by one or more lateral branches which also behave like the main axis. The arrangement of flowers is either basketball or acropetal.

Racemose: Peduncle continues to grow, forming new bracts and flowers in succession, consequently a large number of flowers are produced, the oldest being near the base and the youngest near the growing point.

Cymose: In this, the apical meristem of the peduncle produces the first flower. Other flowers which arise later and are younger are borne on lateral branches from the axis below.
In cymose inflorescence, the oldest flower remains in the center and the youngest towards the periphery. This arrangement is called centrifugal (basipetal).

Mixed Inflorescence: In this type two types of inflorescence Mixed up to form a Mixed inflorescence.

Special inflorescence:It includes a) hypanthium,b) Verticillaster c) Cyathium

China rose or Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is a member of the family Malvaceae. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions as an ornamental plant.
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is a bushy, evergreen shrub or small tree of about 2.5 - 5 m in height.
Its flowers are large, conspicuous trumpet-shaped with five petals, and their colors can be white to pink, red, orange, peach, and yellow or purple that are 4-18 cm broad.
In an inflorescence, the terminal is solitary in which a single flower of the terminal is part of growth.
Solitary axillary: If a single flower develops from the axis of leaves and branches of plants then the inflorescence will be called solitary axillary.
Hibiscus flower has Solitary cyme. In this type of inflorescence the stem or the axillary of the leaf shows a single flower that is joint on the pedicab, then the flower is called a solitary cyme, and in Hibiscus it is axillary.

So Hibiscus is dicot, with solitary axillary, complete perfect flowers, which have a superior ovary, regular symmetry, and axillary placentation.

Note:
At the bottom of every Hibiscus bud is a calyx, the pointed ends of the calyx are sepals. The ovary and other female parts of the flower lie in the main structure of Hibiscus. Hibiscus has both male and female parts on the same flower. The five hairy red spots on the top of the flower is the stigma. The stamen of the flower consists of stem-like filaments and each filament ends with the pollen producing anther.