Question

What is the function of synergid?

Answer 1

Synergids cells are two small special cells in the female gametophyte of flowering plants which is found in the embryo sac adjacent to the egg cells. This structure helpful for pollen tube growth and the release of sperm cells. Synergid cells are haploid cells. Synergid plays an important role in fertilization by acting as the primary interface between male and female gametophytes. Synergid cell has a thick wall structure called a filiform apparatus (FA).

Complete explanation:
The main function of synergid cell is to guide the entry of pollen tube and release of sperm cells. FA increased at the micropylar end in the surface area of the plasma membrane. Cytoplasm near the FA is rich in secretory organelles. FA is used to transport the substance into or out of the synergids. It also provides the direction pollen tube growth to synergid cells. Synergid and egg cells show opposite polarity. Inner surface of the synergid cell is used to conduct and absorption of nutrients. It is the type of supporting cell to the egg cell. It works together with the egg cell and central cell to form double fertilization by accepting and attracting the pollen tubes. Synergids cells are essential in angiosperm reproduction.

Note:
After the pollen tube enters the synergid cells its growth will stop and the tip of the pollen tube will be cut and two sperm cells are released. The chemical substances are secreted by the filiform apparatus of the synergid cells. Eight nuclei derived by the mitotic division of the haploid megaspore. FA provides spongy walls to transfer the cells. Wall around the synergid cell is incomplete.