Question

What is the effect of speed on the mass and charge of a charged particle?

Answer 1

The magnitude of the rate of change of an object's location with time or the magnitude of change of its position per unit of time is called speed. Mass, in physics, is a quantitative measure of inertia, a fundamental property of all matter. When the matter is placed in an electromagnetic field, it has an electric charge, which causes it to experience a force. Positive and negative charges are the two forms of electric charge.

Complete answer:
In physics, mass is a numerical measure of inertia, which is a fundamental feature of all matter. It is, in effect, a body of matter's resistance to a change in speed or position caused by the application of a force. The smaller the change caused by an applied force, the larger the mass of the body.
Electric charge is a fundamental feature of matter carried by some elementary particles that determine how they react to an electric or magnetic field. Positive and negative electric charge exists in discrete natural units and cannot be manufactured or destroyed.
The mass m of a body is not constant.
It varies with the body's velocity, according to the equation:
$m = \dfrac{{{m_O}}}{{\sqrt {1 - \dfrac{{{v^2}}}{{{c^2}}}} }}$
where:
v is the magnitude of the velocity of the body
c is the speed of light in vacuum
mo is the rest mass of the body.
The value m is known as the relativistic mass of the body.
When a particle's speed increases, the particle's mass increases as well. Because it is negligible, it is not applicable to lower velocities. However, if the particle moves closer to the light, the particle's mass grows. Mass has no direct effect on speed; yet, as the speed of an item increases, so does its mass. The amount of energy contained in a thing is referred to as its mass.
Hence, we conclude that the mass of a particle grows as the speed increases, but the charge of the particle remains unchanged.

Note:
Another way to answer this question is that there is no formula of charge that relates to speed. Hence, we can say there is no dependency on speed. While for mass and speed we know that $v \simeq c$. Hence due to an increase in speed the mass will increase and the charge remains constant.