Question

What is the disadvantage of cleistogamy?

Answer 1

Cleistogamy is a sort of automatic self-pollination in which certain plants reproduce by means of non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. This habit is most common in the grass family, and is most well known in peanuts, peas, and pansies. Viola , on the other hand, is the largest cleistogamous plant genus.

Complete answer:
Cleistogamy has the advantage of ensuring seed establishment in the absence of pollinators. Continuous self-pollination can cause inbreeding depression, which is one drawback of cleistogamy. As a result, the chances of genetically superior plants evolving and evolving are lowered, and new varieties and species are not formed.

Chasmogamy, or "open marriage," is the more prevalent reverse of cleistogamy, or "closed marriage." Cleistogamous flowers are produced by almost all plants that also produce chasmogamous flowers. The main advantage of cleistogamy over chasmogamy is that it takes fewer plant resources to generate seeds because it does not require the production of petals, nectar, or vast amounts of pollen. Because of its efficiency, cleistogamy is particularly effective for seed production in inhospitable environments.
Cleistogamy (Greek. kleistos-closed, gamos-marriage): The flowers are sexually dimorphic. They remain shut, resulting in self-pollination. Some plants, such as Commelina benghalensis , Balsam, Oxalis , and Viola , have cleistogamy late in the flowering season. As a result, these plants have both chasmogamous and cleistogamous blooms. The anthers dehisce inside closed blooms in cleistogamous flowers. The pollen grains come into contact with the stigma as the style grows. Pollination and seed production are guaranteed. Pollinators aren't necessary.

Note:-
Pollination is the process of pollen grains moving from the anther to the stigma. Pollen grains do not move. They are unable to achieve the stigma on their own. This will necessitate the use of an external agent. Wind, water, animals, gravity, or growing contact are all possibilities. Autogamy is a sort of self-pollination in which an intersexual or perfect flower is pollinated by its own pollen (Gk. autos-self, gamos-marriage), autogamy is only conceivable when the anther and stigma are close together and pollen release and stigma receptivity are synchronised. There are three ways to engage in autogamy.