Question

What is the difference between electronegativity of the Carbon and the Nitrogen?

Answer 1

Electronegativity of the atom can be defined as the chemical property of the atom to attract the shared pairs of electrons towards itself. Among all the discovered elements of the periodic table, Fluorine is the most electronegative element.

Complete answer:
To solve or answer this question, first we need to understand the factors on which the electronegativity of the element depends.
So the electronegativity of the elements depends upon its atomic number, its distance between the valence electron and the nucleus, as the shorter the distance then there is more nuclear charge per valence electron otherwise vice-versa.
Electronegativity depends on the size of the element and there is a trend in the electronegativity values in the periodic table.
So, in the periodic table when we move from left to right, the electronegativity of the element increases as the size of the element decreases.
So, carbon lies at the first position in the ${14^{th}}$ group and thus has four valence electrons with a moderate atomic size, so it has its electronegativity value as $2.55$.
Nitrogen lies at the first position in the ${15^{th}}$ group and has its electronegativity value of $3.04$ i.e. higher from Carbon because of small size.
Hence, the difference between electronegativity of the Carbon and the Nitrogen is:
$3.04 - 2.55$
$= 0.49$

Note:
On the other hand when we go down the group , the electronegativity values of the element increases as the atomic size of the elements increases because of the increases in atomic number and thus decrease in attractive forces between valence electron and charged nucleus due to increase in the distance between the valence electron and the charged nucleus.