Question

What is the adverse effect of an oil spill?

Answer 1

An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem, because of the act, and perhaps a kind of pollution. This term is usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into the ocean or coastal waters, but spills also can occur ashore.

Complete answer:
Oil spills are nothing but the harmful releases of oil, especially in water. Oils spills are always caused because of the accidental leakage of the oil-carrying ships across the seas and oceans. Oil spilled undergoes a series of reactions like physical, chemical, and biological processes. Degraded products include tar lumps which affect the marine environment. Oil spill forms the transparent covering over the water bodies obstructing sunlight and oxygen from entering inside.
Spilled oil can harm living things whose chemical constituents are poisonous. This may affect the organisms both from the inside exposure to the oil through ingestion or inhalation and from external exposure through the skin and eye irritation.
When the oil rigs or machinery malfunctions or breaks, thousands of the many oil can seep into the environment. Oil spill effects on environments and habitats are often catastrophic: they're going to kill plants and animals, disturb salinity/pH levels, pollute air/water, and more.

Note:
A minimum of 4 species of marine mammals are killed by the oil spill, including bottlenose dolphins, spinner dolphins, melon-headed whales, and sperm whales.