Question

What is speciation?

Answer 1

A group of organisms with similar characteristics and can interbreed to give fertile offspring. They are evolved by genetic modification. the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Complete answer:
Speciation is an evolutionary process which resulted in natural selection. Speciation is an evolutionary process of formation of new and distinct species. Speciation is the process of formation of new species from existing populations.
Speciation types: there are two major types of speciation:
i) Allopatric speciation: Allopatric speciation is the type of speciation caused by geographical isolation. In this, the population is separated by a physical barrier.
ii) Parapatric speciation: This is a type of allopatric speciation in which the species are not formed by any physical barrier. Instead, they are beside each other. This occurs by an extreme change in the habitat. The individuals in these areas can interbreed; they develop different characteristics and lifestyles.
Factors affecting speciation: there are several factors which lead to speciation they are:

Geographic isolation and hybridization.

Note: The new species are reproductively isolated from the previous species i.e. the new species cannot mate with the old species. The theory of evolution was first proposed by an English biologist named Charles Darwin, he also mentioned evolution in his book “The origin of species”.