Question

What is slater rule

Answer 1

Slater's rules are a set of empirical guidelines used to calculate the shielding constant ($\sigma$) for an electron in a multi-electron atom. This constant is then used to determine the effective nuclear charge ($Z_{eff}$) experienced by that electron using the formula $Z_{eff} = Z - \sigma$, where $Z$ is the atomic number. The rules assign different shielding contributions (0.35, 0.85, or 1.00) based on the principal quantum number (n) and azimuthal quantum number (l) of the shielding electrons relative to the electron under consideration, and how electrons are grouped into shells and subshells.

Answer 2

Slater's rules are used to estimate the effective nuclear charge ($Z_{eff}$) experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom. The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by an electron, considering the shielding effect of other electrons. The formula is $Z_{eff} = Z - \sigma$, where $Z$ is the atomic number and $\sigma$ is the shielding constant. Slater's rules provide a method to calculate $\sigma$ by summing contributions from other electrons, which depend on their quantum numbers and groupings. Electrons are grouped into shells and subshells, and specific shielding contributions (0.35, 0.85, or 1.00) are assigned based on the electron's group relative to the electron of interest.