Question

What is Rhizobium japonicum?

Answer 1

It is a species under the legume root of nodulated plants. It is a micro symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria. It has the ability to produce root nodules. Rhizobia are the group of soil bacteria which affects the roots and produce the new one. It is fixing the nitrogen which is in the atmosphere and converts it into the useful form of nitrogen.

Complete answer:
Rhizobium japonicum is placed under the kingdom of bacteria. This bacterium is added to the legume seeds to improve the crop yields in agriculture. So the main function of this bacterium is performing nitrogen fixation. It has the ability to undergo transformation like transfer DNA from one cell to another cell. Reproduction in this bacterium comes under sexual process. It provides good nutritional growth in plants by forming root nodules. It is the free living bacteria in the soil.
Rhizobium type of nitrogen fixing is symbiotic in nature and it fixes nitrogen by forming root nodules. Nodule formation occurs only in the leguminous type of plants. Rhizobium also increases the fertility and productivity of the soil and produces a very good environment for the growth of plants. It is also responsible for the behavioral factors like drought stress, salt stress, nutrient deficiency and harmful effects of fertilizers and pesticides.

Note:
Finally it is gram negative bacteria. It colonizes the cells in the root nodules and converts atmospheric nitrogen into the ammonia. This process is done by nitrogenase enzymes. It also provides glutamine or ureides which are called organic nitrogenous compounds. It acts as a bio fertilizer based on the amount of nitrogen fixation.