Question

What is preservative? Give the name and formula of any two preservatives.

Answer 1

Antimicrobial additives forestall corruption by microscopic organisms. This strategy is the most conventional and old sort of protecting—antiquated techniques, for example, pickling and including nectar forestall microorganism development by adjusting the pH level.

Complete step by step solution:
A preservative is a substance or a chemical that is added to products for example food products, beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, paints, biological samples, cosmetics, wood, and many other products. It prevents decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. In general, preservation is implemented in two modes, chemical and physical. Chemical preservation means it entails adding chemical compounds to the product. Physical preservation means it entails processes such as refrigeration or drying. Preservative food additives reduce the risk of foodborne infections, decrease microbial spoilage, and preserve fresh attributes and nutritional quality. Some major physical techniques for food preservation include dehydration, UV-C radiation, freeze-drying, and refrigeration. Chemical preservation and physical preservation techniques are sometimes combined.
There are antimicrobial preservatives which are used to prevent degradation by bacteria. This method is a very old and traditional method for preservation. Methods like pickling and adding honey are old methods which were used to prevent microorganisms growth.
The most common preservative in antimicrobial preservatives is lactic acid. Nitrates and nitrites are used as antimicrobial preservatives.

Here are two preservatives name and formula mentioned below:
Sodium Benzoate: ${C_6}{H_5}COONa$
Vinegar or Sirca: $C{H_3}COOH$

Additional information:
Additives have been utilized since ancient occasions. Smoked meat for instance has phenols and different synthetics that postpone deterioration. The conservation of nourishments has advanced enormously throughout the long term and has been instrumental in expanding food security. The utilization of additives other than conventional oils, salts, paints, and so forth in food started in the late nineteenth century yet was not far reaching until the twentieth century.

Note: The utilization of food additives fluctuates incredibly relying upon the nation. Many creating nations that don't have solid governments to manage food added substances face either hurtful degrees of additives in nourishments or complete shirking of food sources that are viewed as unnatural or unfamiliar.