Question

What is plant tissue culture? What are the important steps involved in it?

Answer 1

Plant tissue culture is a technique in which the new plant can grow from a cell in a test tube inside a laboratory. This capacity of a plant to regenerate into a new plant is called totipotency.

Complete answer:
To solve this question, we must know what tissue culture is.
Plant tissue culture is the technique used to grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture media. It is widely used to produce clones. Cells, plant protoplasts, pieces of leaves, stem or roots can be used to grow a new plant on a culture media which is enriched with growth hormones and nutrients.
Steps Involved:-

This method is done in a sterile condition using a laminar air flow which uses HEPA filters for making the surrounding sterile and the tissue is grown on a sterile container.
The sterile explanation is grown on a sterile nutrient media which is rich in nutrients and hormones.
The cell or tissue grows as callus. It is then grown as small plantlets.
These plantlets are transferred to the field or greenhouse to grow as natural plants.

Note: The advantages of plant tissue culture are:-
->It quickly produces mature plants.
->The exact copies of the plants having desirable traits can be produced.
->multiple copies of plants can be produced in the absence of seeds or pollinators.
->The use of sterile containers reduces the chances of transmitting disease or pathogens.