Question

What is Newton theory of light?

Answer 1

Hint : The corpuscular theory of light, proposed by Descartes in 1637, argues that light is made up of little discrete particles known as "corpuscles" (little particles) that travel in a straight path with a defined velocity and have impetus. This was based on a different interpretation of atomism at the time. This hypothesis was popularised by Isaac Newton, who expounded on it in 1672. This early version of the particle theory of light foreshadowed our current knowledge of the photon. Refraction, diffraction, and interference are not explained by this theory, which necessitates knowledge of Christiaan Huygens' wave theory of light.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Because waves do not move in straight lines, Isaac Newton claimed that the geometric character of light reflection and refraction could only be explained if light were composed of particles called corpuscles. Newton was attempting to refute Christiaan Huygens' idea that light was made up of waves. By passing a beam of white light through two prisms held at such an angle that the light split into a spectrum after passing through the first prism and then was recomposed, back into white light, by the second prism in his 44th trial in a series of experiments concerning the physics of light, he concluded that light is made of particles and not waves.
The corpuscular theory was primarily developed by Isaac Newton, whose theory dominated for more than a century and overtook Huygens' wave theory of light, partially due to Newton's renown. The corpuscular hypothesis was abandoned in favour of Huygens' wave theory because it failed to satisfactorily explain diffraction, interference, and polarisation of light. Newton's corpuscular (particle) theory of light resurfaced in the twentieth century to some extent, since light phenomena are now described as particle and wave. Newton's corpuscular theory was an extension of his concept of reality as material point interactions mediated by forces.
Space, time, the material point, and force are all ideas in Newton's physical world (interaction between material points). Physical occurrences can be conceived of as motions in space that follow the rule of material points. Insofar as it is susceptible to change, the material point is the sole representation of reality. The material point was created on the analogy of moveable bodies, removing features of extension, shape, spatial location, and all their 'interior' properties, leaving just inertia, translation, and the extra idea of force.
In the medium around a light source, enormous quantities of small particles known as corpuscles are emitted.
These corpuscles are very supple, stiff, and light.w

Note :
Corpuscular theories, also known as corpuscularianism, are similar to atomistic ideas, with the exception that atoms were thought to be indivisible in atomism, but corpuscles may theoretically be split. Corpuscles are single, infinitely tiny particles with form, size, colour, and other physical characteristics that change their roles and effects in mechanical and biological processes. This eventually evolved to the current notion that compounds contain secondary characteristics distinct from their constituent components.