Question

What is Mendelism? Explain the law of independent assortment.

Answer 1

Mendel’s law comes under the four principles. They are the principles of paired factors, principle of dominance, law of segregation and law of independent assortment. The main aim of Mendel’s theory is to determine whether the traits would always be recessive or not and to check the traits that affect each other as they are inherited and also check traits changed as the DNA. Inheritance is the process of getting the same thing or property from the parent to the child.

Complete answer:
Mendelism is called the Mendelian inheritance. It is based on the principle of heredity. Mendel did their work on the pea plant. He discovered the law called the fundamental law of inheritance. He said that genes come as a pair but are inherited as distinct units from the parents. Mendel proposed this law of inheritance from the first generation to the last generation. His law of inheritance classifies as three. They are the law of segregation, the law of independent assortment and the law of dominance.
During the development of the reproductive cell, different genes separate from one another. This process is called the law of independent assortment. Homologous chromosomes are divided into the haploid cells during the meiosis process. This separation or assortment of the homologous chromosome is the random process. The Dihybrid cross is the best example for this theory. Round green and wrinkled yellow will produce the gene which is responsible for the shape of seed and color of the seed. This theory says that separation of allele pairs takes place.

Note:
Mendel did his experiment on the pea plant because it is growing in a small area. It will produce lots of offspring. Mendel produced pure traits by allowing the plants to self pollinate for several generations. He considered eight traits for his experiment. They are seed shape, seed color, pod shape, pod color, seed coat color, flower position, plant height and flower color. After reproduction the result may be either a dominant trait or recessive trait.