Question

What is meant by triplet codon?

Answer 1

The genetic code is a set of rules that living cells use to convert information encoded in genetic material (nucleotide triplet sequences, or codons) into proteins. All organisms have a genetic code that is very similar and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.

complete answer:
During protein synthesis, the codons specify which amino acid will be added next. A three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid, with some exceptions. The vast majority of genes use a single coding scheme (see the RNA codon table). Though variant codes exist, they are often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code.
Nirenberg and Leder discovered a method to determine the letter sequence in each triplet word for amino acids in 1964. By 1966, Nirenberg had deciphered all 20 amino acids' 64 RNA three-letter code words (codons). Triplet codons are the smallest uniformly sized units capable of coding for all amino acids.
Three nitrogenous bases in a row make up a genetic code (A-adenine, G-guanine, C-cytosine, U-uracil). A gene's DNA sequence is broken down into a series of triplet codons. Each set of three bases in DNA or RNA can be combined to form a total of 64 codons, corresponding to the 20 amino acids found in proteins. Three termination codons—UAA, UAG, and UGA. They do not specify any amino acids and are called nonsense codons.
Thus, Triplet codons are the smallest uniformly sized units capable of coding for all amino acids.

Note:
A triplet code could create a genetic code for 64 different combinations (4 X 4 X 4) and provide enough information in the DNA molecule to specify where all 20 amino acids should be placed. When scientists tried to crack the genetic code, they discovered that it was a triplet code.