Question

What is meant by the term chemical bond and chemical bonding?

Answer 1

Hint In chemical Bonding we study about the different types of bonds and how their formation takes place and about their general characteristics that help us to understand the physical and chemical properties of substances and why different compounds of the same element are different from each-other.

Complete Step by step solution:
In chemical Bonding we study about the different types of bonds and how their formation takes place and about their general characteristics.
Chemical bond is a type of attraction force that binds the atoms together,
On the other hand chemical bonding is the branch of physical chemistry in which we study about the bond formation and their properties.
Chemical bonding belongs to physical chemistry because to understand it completely we have to use the quantities of physics like force, energy etc.
There are three types of chemical bonds exist:
Ionic Bond: In this type of bond, an atom completely loses one or more of its electrons and forms a cation, another atom accepts these electrons and forms an anion. Now these oppositely charged species will be attracted towards each-other and that electrostatic attraction force between them will bind them together.
This type of bond is generally formed by metals with non-metals. As binding force is very strong so these types of compounds have high melting and boiling point and they are hard solids.
Covalent bond: This type of bond is generally formed when two atoms share the electrons. Both the atoms share the equal number of electrons. These types of compounds can be soft solids, liquids or gases. That’s why they have low melting and boiling points.
Coordinate bond: In this type of bond formation, one atom donates both the electrons required for bond formation and the other atom accepts both the electrons. The atom that donates the electron is called a donor and it must have an electron lone pair. The atom that accepts both electrons is called an acceptor and it must have a vacant orbital to accept the electron lone pair.
Metallic bonding: This type of bonding is generally present between metal atoms. In this type of bond collective sharing of sea of valence electrons between many positively charged metal ions. Because of the presence of these free electrons metals are the good conductor of heat and electricity.

Additional information:
According to the type of bond we name the compound. If an ionic bond is the force that keeps the particles together then the compound will be called an ionic compound, similarly in case of covalent bond compound will be called as covalent compound and similarly for the other bonds as well.

Note: As you know in chemistry we study about chemical reactions and one definition of chemical reaction is breakage of old bonds and formation of new bonds. So if we have proper understanding of bonds then it helps us to understand which bond in chemical reaction can break and which bonds can form and in turn help us to logically conclude the chemical reactions.