Question

What is $\gamma$(Gamma) ray?

Answer 1

Following early studies of the discharges of radioactive nuclei, British physicist Ernest Rutherford coined the name "gamma-ray." Atoms contain discrete energy levels associated with different configurations of circling electrons, and atomic nuclei have energy level structures dictated by the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus. While energy differences across atomic energy levels normally vary from $1 - 10{\text{ }}eV$, energy differences between nuclei typically range from $1{\text{ }}keV$ to $10{\text{ }}MeV$ (million electron volts).

Complete step by step solution:
$\gamma$(Gamma) rays are electromagnetic waves.
Radio waves, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and microwaves are all examples of electromagnetic radiation. Astronomers study gamma-ray bursts because they can be utilized to treat cancer.
Waves or particles of varying wavelengths and frequencies transmit electromagnetic (EM) radiation. The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses a wide range of wavelengths. In order of decreasing wavelength and rising energy and frequency, the spectrum is divided into seven parts. Radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible light, ultraviolet (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays are frequent terms.
Above soft X-rays, gamma rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Gamma rays have wavelengths of fewer than $100$ picometers (pm), or $4 \times {10^9}$ inches, and frequency more than around ${10^{19}}$ cycles per second, or hertz (Hz). (One trillionth of a meter equals one picometer.)
In the electromagnetic spectrum, gamma rays and hard X-rays overlap, making it difficult to distinguish between them. In other domains, such as astrophysics, an arbitrary line in the spectrum is established, classifying rays with longer wavelengths as X-rays and rays with shorter wavelengths as gamma-rays. Both gamma rays and X-rays have enough energy to destroy living tissue, but the Earth's atmosphere blocks practically all cosmic gamma rays.

Additional information:
Electromagnetic waves:
EM waves are another name for electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic radiations are made up of electromagnetic waves created when an electric field collides with a magnetic field. Electromagnetic waves can alternatively be defined as the combination of oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Maxwell's equations, which are the fundamental equations of electrodynamics, are solutions to electromagnetic waves.

Note: Gamma Ray Applications:
Medical equipment should be sterilized.
Food that has been sterilized (irradiated food) is used as tracers in medicine.
In oncology, radiotherapy is used to eliminate malignant cells.
Astronomy of Gamma Rays.